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France

MARKET STRUCTURE

France has centred its RES approach around FITs on the one hand and a tendering procedure on the other. Hydropower has traditionally been important for electricity generation, and the country ranks second when it comes to biofuel production, although the biofuels target for 2005 was not met.

KEY SUPPORT SCHEMES

The French policy for the promotion of RES-E includes the following mechanisms:

FITs (introduced in 2001 and 2002, and modified in 2005) for PV, hydro, biomass, sewage and landfill gas, municipal solid waste, geothermal, offshore wind, onshore wind and CHP; and
A tender system for large renewable projects.

Table I.9: Key Support Schemes in France

Technology	Duration	Tariff	Note
Wind onshore	10 years following 5 years	82 €/MWh 28 – 82 €/MWh	Depending on the local wind conditions
Wind offshore	10 years following 10 years	130 €/MWh 30 – 130 €/MWh	Depending on the local wind conditions
Solid biomass	15 years	49 €/MWh	Standard rate, including premium up to 12 €/MWh
Biogas	15 years	45 – 57.2 €/MWh	Standard rate, including premium up to 3 €/MWh
Hydro power	20 years	54.9 – 61 €/MWh	Standard rate, including premium up to 15,2 €/MWh
Municipal solid waste	15 years	45 – 50 €/MWh	Standard rate, including premium up to 3 €/MWh
CHP plants		61 – 9.,5 €/MWh
Geothermal	15 years 15 years	120 €/MWh 100 €/MWh	Standard rate In metropolis only Plus and efficiency bonus up to 30 €/MWh
PV	20 years 20 years	300 €/MWh 400 €/MWh	In metropolis In Corsica, DOM and Mayotte Plus 250 €/MWh respectively 150 €/MWh if roof-integrated

FUTURE TARGETS

The RES-E target from the EU Directive for France is 21 per cent RES-E share of gross electricity consumption in 2010. France’s share of RES-E decreased from 15 per cent in 1997 to 12.64 per cent in 2004. France has vast resources of wind, geothermal energy and biomass, and wind power and geothermal electricity have shown growth. In addition, there is potential in the area of solid biomass.

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