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Grid Codes and Essential Requirements for Wind Power Plants
The arrangement of the technical requirements within grid codes and related documents varies between electricity systems. However, for simplicity the typical requirements for generators can be grouped as follows:
- Tolerance - the range of conditions on the electricity system for which wind farms must continue to operate;
- Control of reactive power - often this includes requirements to contribute to voltage control on the network;
- Control of active power;
- Protective devices; and
- Power quality.
It is important to note that these requirements are often specified at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) between the wind farm and the electricity network. In this case, the requirements are placed at wind farm level, and wind turbines may be adapted to meet these requirements. Often, wind turbine manufacturers specify the performance of their wind turbines, rather than for the entire wind farm.
It is also possible for some requirements to be met by providing additional equipment, separate from the turbines; this is indicated, where relevant, in the following discussion.
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